Effects of environmental and chemical factors. Trends Genet 29(7):427–437Īhmad SS, Miles PG (1970) Hyphal fusions in Schizophyllum commune. Studying the role and function of hyphal fusion therefore holds much potential to further our understanding not only of fungal growth and development but also of general eukaryotic cell biology.Īguilar PS, Baylies MK, Fleißner A, Helming L, Inoue N, Podbilewicz B, Wang H, Wong M (2013) Genetic basis of cell-cell fusion mechanisms. This network comprises many well-conserved factors, including MAP kinases, reactive oxygen-generating systems, Ca 2+-binding regulators, the STRIPAK complex, and cell polarity factors, which are partially adopted in novel and surprising ways. On the molecular level, an intricate signaling network controlling communication, attraction, and merger of fusing hyphae has been identified. It has become apparent that hyphal fusion promotes the formation of the mycelial network, thereby increasing fitness and competitiveness of the fungal colony. Recent years have seen great advances in understanding the biological roles and the molecular mechanisms of this fascinating biological process. It occurs at various developmental stages, most prominently during colony establishment by germinating spores and during the formation of cross connections within mature mycelial colonies. Hyphal fusion is a common feature of the growth and development of filamentous ascomycete fungi.
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